Kocher-Debré-Semelaigne syndrome (KDSS) is a rare but distinct pediatric manifestation of long-standing untreated moderate-to-severe hypothyroidism, characterized by muscular pseudohypertrophy alongside classical hypothyroid features.

In an interview with Dr. To, Wing-Hei Zion, he discussed the critical, yet often overlooked, issue of OSA within the local population. He highlighted that OSA is far more than a simple snoring problem; it is a systemic disease linked to a cascade of serious comorbidities, including hypertension, stroke, and diabetes. He provided a comprehensive overview for family medicine and GPs, covering practical screening methods, navigating local diagnostic pathways, and the latest patient-centered management, underscoring their vital role in improving long-term health outcomes by addressing this hidden epidemic.

Obesity has traditionally been viewed as a risk factor for other conditions and the concept of obesity as a standalone disease remains a subject of debate. In a landmark 2025 publication, the Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Commission redefined obesity through a clinical lens—shifting away from body mass index (BMI)-based assessments and introducing a diagnostic framework that recognizes clinical obesity as a chronic, systemic illness when specific clinical criteria are met. Growing evidence shows that excess adiposity, independent of other obesity-related diseases, can directly and adversely affect the organ function and overall health of an individual, leading to the typical clinical manifestations of illness. To address the gap in current clinical characterization, the Commission defines clinical obesity as a chronic, systemic disease characterized by functional impairments in tissues, organs, or the individual, directly caused by excess adiposity. The redefinition aims to provide a more medically meaningful framework to guide diagnosis, inform clinical decisions, and shape healthcare policies.